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Green Economy Vulnerable to Rare Earth Minerals Shortages - UNEP Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS) - January 2011

dc.contributor.authorUnited Nations Environment Programme
dc.coverage.spatialGlobal
dc.date.accessioned2016-10-11T20:08:31Z
dc.date.available2016-10-11T20:08:31Z
dc.date.issued2011
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11822/8824
dc.descriptionRare earth elements (REE) include the 17 elements on the periodic table of chemical elements. Industrial demand for these elements is small in terms of volume but they are essential for a wide and growing array of green technology and security uses. REEs are important parts of defense technologies such as radar and sonar systems precision-guided weapons cruise missiles and lasers for example. They are also especially critical for the expanding energy efficiency and renewable energy industries. Lanthanum for example is used in batteries for hybrid cars. Other REEs are used in magnets for electric generators in wind turbines and in coloured phosphors for energy-efficient lighting (Long and others 2010). Today clean energy technologies account for about 20 per cent of global REE consumption but as the demand for them increases their share of critical rare earth minerals is likely to grow (US DoE 2010).
dc.languageEnglish
dc.rightsPublicen_US
dc.subjectmineral
dc.subjectmineral deposit
dc.subjectmineral extraction
dc.subjectmineral pollution
dc.subjectmineral resource
dc.subjectmineralisation
dc.subjectmineral industry
dc.subjectmineral matter
dc.subjectgreen economy
dc.subjectrare earth elements
dc.subject.classificationResource Efficiency
dc.subject.classificationClimate Change
dc.titleGreen Economy Vulnerable to Rare Earth Minerals Shortages - UNEP Global Environmental Alert Service (GEAS) - January 2011
dc.typeReports and Books
wd.identifier.old-id11039
wd.identifier.sdgSDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production
wd.identifier.sdgSDG 8 - Good Jobs and Economic Growth
wd.identifier.sdgiohttp://purl.unep.org/sdg/SDGIO_00000046
wd.identifier.sdgiohttp://purl.unep.org/sdg/SDGIO_00000042


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